New Delhi, May 25 As the BJP-led NDA government completes two years in office, an industry chamber described it as "work in progress" but said that "a lot more is required" to be done on the issue of tax disputes, while concerns remain on the huge bad loans incurred by the banking system.
Here's how key economic ministries have fared in the last two years:
Finance and corporate affairs (Arun Jaitley):
Through the instrument of two full union budgets and more, Jaitley has helped the economy achieve a fair degree of macroeconomic stability and a GDP growth rate of over seven percent, which surpassed China's, prompting the IMF to tag India as the fastest growing major economy.
The government's other achievements include controlling the current account and fiscal deficits, while inflation has also declined, with a little help and nudging by the RBI, from 11 percent to below five percent, making room for interest rates to be cut.
However, private investment has been quite slow to revive and job creation has remained low in a situation of stymied industrial growth.
Data earlier this month showed growth of India's manufacturing, which has the maximum weight in the overall index of industrial production, actually fell by 1.2 percent in March after rising during the month before.
Crucial to the situation is the high levels of bad loans of public sector banks that have choked up credit flow to industry - gross non-performing assets (GNPAs) could rise to 6.9 percent by March 2017, the deadline set by the RBI governor for banks to clean-up their balance sheets.
Jaitley, who is realistic about the pace of reforms in India, has managed to steer the Bankruptcy Code through parliament - a reform measure which will help address the NPAs issue.
However, the overhaul of India's indirect tax system is held up with the proposed Goods and Services Tax (GST) Bill currently stalled in the Rajya Sabha.
Commerce and industry (Nirmala Sitharaman):
This has been directly hit the most by the global economic slowdown, with exports being in decline from around the time Commerce Minister Nirmala Sitharaman took office.
Official data earlier this month showed India's merchandise exports in April were valued at $20.57 billion - down 6.74 percent in dollar terms - against $22.05 billion in the like month of last year, signalling a decline for the 17th straight month.
Power, coal and renewable energy (Piyush Goyal):
Taken as a whole, one of the few areas of high performance. In his first year, his team conducted the first successful coal mine auctions, while other efforts yielded higher coal output.
The ministry also managed to reduce solar power tariffs through competitive bidding and reviving stranded gas-based power plants.
"India has become power surplus from chronic power shortage. There has been a record capacity addition of 20 percent of current conventional power capacity and solar power capacity addition of 157 percent in the last two years," Goyal has said.
During the second year, Goyal launched the Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojana (UDAY) to revive the hugely indebted state distribution companies.
The power ministry also brought in a new National Tariff Policy, with focus on electricity for all and affordable tariffs through efficiency.
Civil aviation (Ashok Gajapathi Raju):
The central government's ambitious plans on making flying more affordable and profitable remained grounded, as the sector waited in the wings for the National Civil Aviation Policy, widely debated and appreciated but is still to get the green signal.
The draft policy, nonetheless, has some far-reaching implications. Among the proposals is one to scrap the 5/20 norm, which stipulates a minimum five years of operations and a fleet of 20 aircraft for overseas flying rights, and to peg a minimum tariff of no more than Rs.2,500 per ticket for each flying-hour.
However, the real thrust behind the industry's turnaround were lower fuel prices, uptick in economic activity and a stellar rise in passenger traffic. All the major listed players reported robust earnings.
Nevertheless, the central government did manage to include the sector in the list of 15 industries in which foreign equity norms were eased.
Communications (Ravi Shankar Prasad):
Aiming to provide better service to the customers the government successfully auctioned spectrum in 2015, mopping up Rs.1.10 lakh crore ($17.6 billion) to licence 380.75 MHz of airwaves in the 900 MHz, 1,800 MHz and 800 MHz and 2100 MHz bands across 17 out of 22 telecom circles.
It also allowed spectrum trading and sharing so that the telecom service providers can offer seamless network connectivity. Mobile number portability across the country was made operational. The service providers are gearing up for nationwide 4G telephony launch.
The government has also planned for another mega spectrum auction this year, from which it expects to garner a whopping Rs.560,000 crore ($83 billion).
But the ghost of call drops kept haunting the government every now and then. The sector regulator, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, had directed operators to compensate for call drops from Jan 1, 2016. But after a long court battle, the Supreme Court scrapped the watchdog's order. However, the government assured mobile phone users that it will keep a check on service quality.
New Delhi, May 25 (IANS) As the Narendra Modi government completes two years, it's been a mixed bag as far as foreign policy is concerned, with the handling of relations with close neighbours Pakistan and Nepal sticking out like a sore thumb, despite making advancement in engaging with the rest of the world.
Modi, who has visited 40 countries since he took power in May 26, 2014, is slated to visit the US, Qatar and Afghanistan in early June, keeping up the tempo of foreign sojourns.
But the "lack of clarity" on its Pakistan policy and the "mismanagement" of relations with Nepal has raised eyebrows, especially as the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party has been aggressively advocating neighbourhood outreach. The fate of the resumed bilateral dialogue remains clouded after the Pathankot attack, despite Modi's December 25 stop-over visit to Lahore.
With regard to China too, though high level bilateral visits are continuing, India seems to have gained no advantage, with Beijing not showing willingness to resolve the boundary question. China is also continuing to back close friend Pakistan but stymieing india's attempts to ban Jaish-e-Mohamed terrorist Masood Azhar in the UN and also blocking India's move to get NSG membership.
Congress leader and Lok Sabha member Shashi Tharoor feels Modi's foreign policy record "is at best mixed".
"Though Modi has travelled extensively and brought a lot of energy in the personal conduct of foreign policy, the results are yet to be seen," Tharoor told IANS.
"A number of promised investments announced are yet to materialize, and on a number of key areas there has been rather negative developments," he said.
Tharoor said the government's Pakistan policy has been "rather incoherent, showing ups and downs, and inconsistencies that have certainly led to a considerable amount of confusion to what our policy is, not least among his own followers in the BJP".
Tharoor said that Nepal has been a "a major setback and embarrassment for India".
"It seems a clear example of a government which is a centralised authority in the PMO but the PMO has taken its eye off the wall and the MEA advice was therefore not acted upon on time, and the result is a mismanagement of Nepal relations," Tharoor added.
Former foreign secretary Lalit Mansingh feels while "it has been a very brilliant and dynamic foreign policy as regards diplomacy is concerned, but not so successful so far as strategy is concerned, to reach the goals".
He feels Modi has "invested a lot of energy in foreign policy" and travelled to many countries, including many where prime ministers had not visited for a long period, and also helped in consolidating the strategic partnership with the US, the government has not fared so well with regard to China and Pakistan.
The former foreign secretary says Modi took a bold step in visiting Lahore, "but after Pathankot there is no clarity in our policy towards Pakistan; It is not clear whether the government favours continuation of dialogue or has it suspended it."
He said in relations with China, it was being expected that the Chinese would bring in large investments to India, "but that has not happened, and there are no indications the Chinese want to settle the border issue; they continue with claims on Indian territory and troops violate the LAC," he said, adding that Beijing's military-nuclear and military cooperation with Pakistan is on the rise.
"Neither in the case of China or Pakistan has the government shown that it has the kind of strategic thinking that enables us to deal with it," he added.
